Abstract:
شیوع ویروس کرونا یک چالش برای سیستم‌های مراقبت بهداشتی در سراسر جهان است. سالمندان به دلیل عملکرد پایین سیستم ایمنی بدن و دارا بودن بیماری‌های زمینه‌ای، در معرض خطر بالای عوارض ناشی از ویروس کرونا قرار دارند. بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر با هدف تدوین مدل علی اضطراب ویروس کرونا در سالمندان براساس تنیدگی ادراک شده و حس انسجام با نقش میانجی حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده انجام شد. روش پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه سالمندان مقیم سراهای سالمندان شهرستان اردبیل در سال 1399بود که از بین آنها 160 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شد. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از مقیاس اضطراب کرونا علی‌پور و همکاران، پرسش‌نامه حس انسجام فرم 13 گویه‌ای آنتونووسکی، مقیاس تنیدگی ادراک شده کوهن و همکاران و مقیاس چندبعدی حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده زیمت و همکاران استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری و از طریق نرم‌افزارهای SPSS نسخه 23 و Lisrel نسخه 8/8 انجام شد. براساس نتایج بدست آمده مدل علّی رابطه بین تنیدگی ادراک شده، حس انسجام، حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده و اضطراب کرونا در سالمندان براساس شاخص‌‌های مختلف برازش تایید شد (0/05>P). تنیدگی ادراک شده، حس انسجام و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده بر اضطراب کرونا سالمندان اثر مستقیم دارند؛ همچنین تنیدگی ادراک شده و حس انسجام از طریق حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده بر اضطراب کرونا در سالمندان تاثیر غیرمستقیم دارند (0/05>P). بنابراین، در شرایط همه‌گیری کووید-19 می‌توان با آگاه سازی و به کارگیری تدابیری جهت توانمندسازی سالمندان در زمینۀ تنیدگی ادراک شده، حس انسجام، حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده نقش بسزایی در کاهش اضطراب کرونا در سالمندان ایفا کرد.
The spread of the Coronavirus is a challenge for healthcare systems all around the world. The elderly are at high risk for complications from Coronavirus due to low immune system function and underlying diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the causal modeling of Corona anxiety in the elderly based on perceived stress and sense of cohesion with the mediating role of perceived social support. The research method was descriptive, of structural equations type. The statistical population included all the elderly living in nursing homes in Ardabil in 2020, from which 160 were selected using purposive sampling. Used to collect data were Alipour et al.'s Corona Anxiety Scale, Sense of Coherence- 13 scale of Antonovsky, Calhoun et al.'s Perceived Stress Scale, and Zimet et al.'s Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using SPSS-23 and Lisrel 8.8 software. 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