Abstract:
این تحقیق با هدف طراحی الگوی مناسب کاهش نابرابری آموزشی در مدارس ابتدایی شهر تهران انجام شده است و از نوع پژوهش‌های ترکیبی از نوع اکتشافی است. جامعه آماری مورد بررسی کلیه مدارس ابتدایی دولتی شهر تهران می‌باشد. نمونۀ آماری در بخش کیفی شامل 14 نفر از خبرگان و صاحب نظران حوزه آموزش عمومی که به شیوه نمونه گیری گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند و در بخش کمی مدیران، معاونین و کارشناسان مدارس ابتدایی شهر تهران که به صورت خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای جمع-آوری اطلاعات شامل مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته، پرسشنامه و چک لیست محقق ساخته است. نتایج نشان داد که نابرابری آموزشی در سطح مدارس ابتدایی شهر تهران شامل 7 مولفه، 28 شاخص؛ شامل: مولفه درونداد شامل 4 شاخص، مولفه فرایند مدرسه شامل 6 شاخص، مولفه زمینه خانوادگی شامل 6 شاخص، مولفه برونداد شامل 8 شاخص، زمینه فردی نابرابری شامل 4 شاخص، تاثیرات اجتماعی و سیاسی نابرابری‌ها در آموزش و پرورش شامل 4 شاخص، شاخص‌های جفرافیایی. و نیز الگوی مطلوب شامل مضامین 27 گانه تلاش مدیریت کلان آموزش و پرورش در راستا کاهش احساس نابرابری، افزایش میزان دسترسی دانش آموزان به امکانات کمی و کیفی، توجه و سرمایه‌گذاری دولت در مناطق محروم تر از لحاظ اقتصادی، دادن اولویت‌ها و امتیازات خاص به مدارس مناطق محروم، نظارت کامل بر روند اجرای کامل مسائل آموزشی، تاکید بر توسعه مهارت‌های اجتماعی، تربیت و آموزش در جهت ایجاد تفکر، تاکید بر تغییر ساختارهای اجتماعی، نحوه پاسخگویی کادر آموزشی و نظام آموزشی به نیازهای دانش‌آموزان، توجه به برنامه ریزی-های درست دولتی، می‌باشد
The purpose of this study was to design an appropriate model for reducing educational inequality in elementary schools in Tehran and it is a combination of exploratory research. The statistical population of the study was all public primary schools in Tehran. The statistical sample in the qualitative section consisted of 14 experts and experts in the field of public education who were selected through snowball sampling and in the quantitative section of Tehran elementary school principals, deputies and experts who were selected by multistage cluster sampling. . Data collection tools included semi-structured interview, questionnaire and researcher-made checklist. The results showed that educational inequality in elementary schools in Tehran includes 7 components, 28 indicators; including: input component including 4 indices, school process component including 6 indices, family context component including 6 indices, output component including 8 indices, individual context Inequality includes 4 indices, social and political impacts of inequalities in education 4 indices, geographical indices. And the desired model includes the 27 themes of macro education management efforts to reduce inequality, increase students' access to quantitative and qualitative facilities, pay attention and invest in government in economically deprived areas, prioritize and Specific privileges for schools in disadvantaged areas, full supervision of the full implementation of educational issues, emphasis on developing social skills, training and thinking to create thinking, emphasis on changing social structures, how the teaching staff and the educational system respond to students' needs , Pay attention to proper government planning, etc. And the desirable model of reducing educational inequality has 7 components and 34 sub-components. The purpose of this study was to design an appropriate model for reducing educational inequality in elementary schools in Tehran and it is a combination of exploratory research. The statistical population of the study was all public primary schools in Tehran. The statistical sample in the qualitative section consisted of 14 experts and experts in the field of public education who were selected through snowball sampling and in the quantitative section of Tehran elementary school principals, deputies and experts who were selected by multistage cluster sampling. . Data collection tools included semi-structured interview, questionnaire and researcher-made checklist. The results showed that educational inequality in elementary schools in Tehran includes 7 components, 28 indicators; including: input component including 4 indices, school process component including 6 indices, family context component including 6 indices, output component including 8 indices, individual context Inequality includes 4 indices, social and political impacts of inequalities in education 4 indices, geographical indices. And the desired model includes the 27 themes of macro education management efforts to reduce inequality, increase students' access to quantitative and qualitative facilities, pay attention and invest in government in economically deprived areas, prioritize and Specific privileges for schools in disadvantaged areas, full supervision of the full implementation of educational issues, emphasis on developing social skills, training and thinking to create thinking, emphasis on changing social structures, how the teaching staff and the educational system respond to students' needs , Pay attention to proper government planning, etc. And the desirable model of reducing educational inequality has 7 components and 34 sub-components. The purpose of this study was to design an appropriate model for reducing educational inequality in elementary schools in Tehran and it is a combination of exploratory research. The statistical population of the study was all public primary schools in Tehran. The statistical sample in the qualitative section consisted of 14 experts and experts in the field of public education who were selected through snowball sampling and in the quantitative section of Tehran elementary school principals, deputies and experts who were selected by multistage cluster sampling. . Data collection tools included semi-structured interview, questionnaire and researcher-made checklist. The results showed that educational inequality in elementary schools in Tehran includes 7 components, 28 indicators; including: input component including 4 indices, school process component including 6 indices, family context component including 6 indices, output component including 8 indices, individual context Inequality includes 4 indices, social and political impacts of inequalities in education 4 indices, geographical indices. And the desired model includes the 27 themes of macro education management efforts to reduce inequality, increase students' access to quantitative and qualitative facilities, pay attention and invest in government in economically deprived areas, prioritize and Specific privileges for schools in disadvantaged areas, full supervision of the full implementation of educational issues, emphasis on developing social skills, training and thinking to create thinking, emphasis on changing social structures, how the teaching staff and the educational system respond to students' needs , Pay attention to proper government planning, etc. And the desirable model of reducing educational inequality has 7 components and 34 sub-components. The purpose of this study was to design an appropriate model for reducing educational inequality in elementary schools in Tehran and it is a combination of exploratory research. The statistical population of the study was all public primary schools in Tehran. The statistical sample in the qualitative section consisted of 14 experts and experts in the field of public education who were selected through snowball sampling and in the quantitative section of Tehran elementary school principals, deputies and experts who were selected by multistage cluster sampling. . Data collection tools included semi-structured interview, questionnaire and researcher-made checklist. The results showed that educational inequality in elementary schools in Tehran includes 7 components, 28 indicators; including: input component including 4 indices, school process component including 6 indices, family context component including 6 indices, output component including 8 indices, individual context Inequality includes 4 indices, social and political impacts of inequalities in education 4 indices, geographical indices. And the desired model includes the 27 themes of macro education management efforts to reduce inequality, increase students' access to quantitative and qualitative facilities, pay attention and invest in government in economically deprived areas, prioritize and Specific privileges for schools in disadvantaged areas, full supervision of the full implementation of educational issues, emphasis on developing social skills, training and thinking to create thinking, emphasis on changing social structures, how the teaching staff and the educational system respond to students' needs , Pay attention to proper government planning, etc. And the desirable model of reducing educational inequality has 7 components and 34 sub-components.
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