Abstract:
امـروزه مفهـوم دلبسـتگی بـه مـکان بـا توجـه بـه نقشـی کـه در تبییـن و حتـی پیـش بینـی رفتـار انسـان در محیـط هـای شـهری دارد، بسـیار مـورد توجـه محققـان علـوم رفتـاری، طراحـان شـهری و بویـژه پژوهشـگران حـوزه شهری قـرار گرفتـه اسـت. ایـن مفهـوم در فضاهای شـهری به آن جهـت اهمیـت دارد کـه در رابطـه میـان ویژگـی هـای طراحانـه محیـط، رضایتمنـدی مکانـی، حفاظـت خـود انگیختـه از محیـط و علاقـه بـه بازدیـد مجـدد محیـط اثـر گـذار اسـت. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تببین دلبستگی به مکان در فضاهای شهری نوشته شد. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش توصیفی-تحلیلی است. جمع آوری دادهها به دو صورت کتابخانهای اسنادی و میدانی انجام شد و تحلیل اصلی صورت گرفته بر روی اطلاعات جمع آوری شده توسط پرسشنامه است. ابزار گردآوری دادهها در این پژوهش پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بود که به منظور بررسی پایایی چندین بار توسط اساتید و کارشناسان مورد بازبینی قرار گرفت و به منظور بررسی روایی پرسشنامه از روش ترکیبی و الفای کرونباخ استفاده شد که نتایج آن در قسمت یافتهها منعکس شده و نشان دهنده روایی مورد قبول ابزار گردآوری پژوهش است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر را شهروندان ساکن شهر رفسنجان مشتمل بر 161909 نفر میباشد. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 384 نفر برآورد گردید که به منظور اطمینان بیشتر تعداد 400 پرسشنامه جمع آوری شد. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها و اطلاعات از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری مبتنی بر روش حداقل مربعات جزئی در محیط نرم افزار pls استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که فعالیتهای مکان تاثیر مثبت و معناداری بر دلبستگی به مکان دارد. همچنین نتایج این پژوهش گویای آن بود که مولفههای فعالیتهای مکان : عملکرد مکان، حضورپذیری، زیبایی بصری، مشارکت پذیری مکان و قابلیتهای مکان بر دلبستگی به مکان تاثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد.
A place is a space that means something to an individual or a group of people. Place becomes place, when man is in contact with other layers (Moore, 2021: 24). These layers can be seen and illuminated by joint activities with other species, in connection with nature or in the corner of the artificial environment, and thus human beings with other layers of their existence, which in a different way in the outside world. They exist, he becomes acquainted, and thus his knowledge of his surroundings and self increases (Casey, 2009: 60). Space, as an inseparable phenomenon from human life, connects the living worlds in terms of space and environment. It forms the nuclei of human meaning, destination and behavior. This, in turn, is involved in the construction of place (Lo et al.) , 2021: 67). In every place where a person is born, he establishes a two-way relationship with his environment, so that on the one hand he finds himself dependent on the environment and the necessary factors of his life in it, and on the other hand the environment has a reciprocal and effective effect on his behavior. Put. Place is the main element of the identity of its inhabitants. Place is not only a refuge for human activities, but also a phenomenon that man gives meaning to and becomes attached to in his interaction with it, to the point that sometimes he even recognizes himself with it. (Charkhchian 34: 1388). Spatial attachment is a profound and effective concept for exploiting individual tendencies to influence people's behavior by preserving important places. Spatial attachment consists of a multifaceted structure such as; Place identity is emotional attachment to place, social connection to place, and place dependence (Trentelman, 2009: 198). Hence the attachment of place expresses cognition; It is related to a particular environment or space.Human geography has been done to some extent in the field of social sciences and from the point of view of urban design knowledge, this issue has not been considered especially in connection with the field of urban green spaces. The research that has been done so far in this regard has been mainly based on qualitative studies based on psychological perspective and presenting the personal opinions and opinions of experimenters from public spaces (mainly squares and plazas or urban parks) and less urban planning can be done. In this research. Of course, there are different views in this regard. The attitudes of environmental psychologists and their indicators in evaluating urban spaces are different from the views of urban planners and designers and the indicators studied by this group, and differences in attitudes have led to different solutions for revitalizing urban spaces. Is. The importance of attachment and place in the formation of social interactions in urban spaces is becoming clear. Studies also show that urban open spaces and public spaces due to the types of desirable physical characteristics (both natural and artificial) or the assumption of various activities, They are more effective platforms for forming a sense of belonging than other types of spaces In fact, attachment to a place is a symbolic relationship that arises between people and a place, which in a special sense, expresses the emotional and cultural feeling of a certain space.Today, the concept of attachment to a place, due to its role in explaining and even predicting human behavior in urban environments, has received much attention from behavioral scientists, urban designers, and urban designers. This concept in urban spaces is important because in the relationship between the design features of the environment, spatial satisfaction, self-motivated protection of the environment and the interest in visiting the environment again. The present study was written with the aim of explaining the attachment to place in urban spaces. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Data collection was done in both documentary and field libraries and the main analysis is based on the information collected by the questionnaire. The data collection tool in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire that was reviewed several times by professors and experts to evaluate the reliability and to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, the combined method and Cronbach's alpha were used, the results of which are reflected in the findings. And indicates the accepted validity of the research collection tool. The statistical population of the present study consists of 161909 citizens living in Rafsanjan. The sample size was estimated 384 people using Cochran's formula and 400 questionnaires were collected for more assurance. In order to analyze the data and information, structural equation modeling based on the partial least squares method was used in pls software environment. The results of this study showed that place activities have a positive and significant effect on attachment to the place. The results of this study also showed that the components of place activities: place performance, presence, visual beauty, place participation and place capabilities have a positive and significant effect on place attachment. Keywords: attachment to place, green urban space, visual beauty, place participation, Rafsanjan city