Abstract:
در اواخر سال 2019 ویروس جدیدی از خانواده کرونا‌ویروس‌ها با قابلیت همه‌گیری در انسان در چین شناسایی شد. سرعت همه‌گیری این ویروس در جهان و انتشار اخبار مربوط به خطرات بیشتر آن برای گروه سنی سالمندان، منجر به بروز ترس و اختلالات روان‌شناختی در این گروه سنی شد. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی معنادرمانی گروهی بر اضطراب مرگ، احساس تنهایی و معنای زندگی در سالمندان با ترس از ابتلا به بیماری کرونا انجام گرفت. روش پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل زنان سالمند 65 سال و بالاتر عضو مراکز توانبخشی روزانه تحت نظارت سازمان بهزیستی تبریز در سال 1400 بود که از بین آنها 24 نفر که بر اساس ملاک‌های ورود به مطالعه واجدالشرایط بودند، انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل جایدهی شدند. گروه آزمایش ده جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای معنادرمانی گروهی دریافت کردند و گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. پرسش‌نامه‌های مورد استفاده در این پژوهش شامل اضطراب مرگ تمپلر، احساس تنهایی راسل و همکاران و معنای زندگی استگر و همکاران بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس تک متغیره در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 24 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها حاکی از این بود که در مرحله پس‌آزمون بین گروه آزمایش و گروه کنترل از نظر اضطراب مرگ، احساس تنهایی و معنای زندگی تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت (05/0P<). به عبارت دیگر، معنادرمانی گروهی موجب کاهش اضطراب مرگ و احساس تنهایی و افزایش معنای زندگی در سالمندان شد. با توجه به نتایج، به نظر می‌رسد می‌توان از این روش درمانی در مراکز توانبخشی و دیگر مراکز روان‌شناسی و مشاوره در جهت بهبود سلامت روان سالمندان بهره‌‌مند شد.
It was late 2019 when a new virus from the Coronavirus family with the ability of spreading in humans was identified in China for the first time. The speed of the global pandemic of this virous and the publication of news regarding its greater risks for the elderly led to numerous psychological disorders in this age group. Therefore, the present study was to consider the effectiveness of group logotherapy on death anxiety, feeling of loneliness and meaning of life in the elderly with fear of Coronavirus. This was a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and a control group design. The statistical population consisted of all the elderly women (65 years old and higher) who were member of the daily rehabilitation services working under supervision of Tabriz Welfare Organization in 2021, among whom 24 eligible women were selected based on inclusion criteria, and randomly assigned into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received ten 90-minute sessions of group logotherapy, while the control group received no intervention. The tools used in this study included the Templer’s death anxiety, Russell et al.’s feeling of loneliness, and the Steger et al.’s meaning of life questionnaires. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance) ANCOVA) in SPSS-24 software. The results revealed that there is a significant difference between control and experimental groups in terms of death anxiety, feeling of loneliness and meaning of life (PReferences Abad, Z., & Haroon Rashidi, H. (2022). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy on rumination and existential anxiety in the elderly men. Aging Psychology, 8(1), 1-10 https://doi.org/10.22126/jap.2022.7147.1580 [Persian] Adhikari, S. P., Meng, S., Wu, Y. J., Mao, Y. P., Ye, R. X., Wang, Q. Z., Sun, C., Sylvia, S., Rozelle, S., Raat, H., & Zhou, H. (2020). 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