Abstract:
ﭼﮑﯿﺪه
ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﻣﺪل ﻋﻠﯽ ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻼق ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ارﺿﺎی ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدی، ﺑﺎورﻫﺎی ﻓﺮاﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﮔﺮی ادراک رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﻓﺪاﮐﺎراﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف از ﻧﻮع ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی و از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﯿﻮه ی اﺟﺮای آن ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ زوﺟﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه ﺑﻮﻧﺪ. از ﻣﯿﺎن آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮی ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪول ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن ﺗﻌﺪاد 192 زوج )384 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻬﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ داده ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮردﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻃﻼق ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ Gottman (1999) ، ارﺿﺎ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدی رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ Guardia, Deci and Ryan's (2000 ﺑﺎورﻫﺎی ﻓﺮاﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ Wells (1997)و ادراک رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﻓﺪاﮐﺎراﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ Harper and Figuerres (2008 ﺟﻤﻊ آوری ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎی آﻣﺎری ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ: ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺎورﻫﺎی ﻓﺮاﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻃﻼق ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ادراک رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﻓﺪاﮐﺎراﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/47 ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/05<P ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ، ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ارﺿﺎ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدی ﺑﺮ ﻃﻼق ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ادراک رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﻓﺪاﮐﺎراﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/24 ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/05<P ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ادراک رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﻓﺪاﮐﺎراﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻃﻼق ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 0/58 ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/05<P ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ. ادراک رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﻓﺪاﮐﺎراﻧﻪ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار در ارﺗﻘﺎی ﺳﻼﻣﺖ روان اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰی ﺻﺤﯿﺢ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻃﻼق ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد و ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎی ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﺑﺎورﻫﺎی ﻓﺮاﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داد.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to the causal model of the tendency to emotional divorce based on the satisfaction of basic needs and metacognitive beliefs with the mediation of the perception of the spouse's selfless behaviors. Method: The current research is of an applied type and its implementation method is descriptive of the correlation type. The statistical population of the present study included all couples in Kermanshah City. Among them,192 couples (384 people) were selected from different areas of the city through convenience sampling. Then, the desired data were analyzed using the emotional divorce questionnaires of Gottman (1999), the satisfaction of basic psychological needs of Guardia, Deci, and Ryan (2000), the metacognitive beliefs of Wells (1997), and the perception of the spouse's self-sacrificing behaviors by Harper and Figures (2008) were collected. Findings: The results of data analysis using Pearson correlation statistical tests and structural equations showed: The indirect effect of metacognitive beliefs on emotional divorce through the perception of the spouse's selfless behaviors is 0.47, which is significant at the PConclusion: There is a meaningful Understanding of the selfless behavior of the spouse is an important and influential factor in promoting mental health, and by identifying the factors along with proper planning, it is possible to reduce emotional divorce and increase basic psychological needs and metacognitive beliefs.