The seals this article seeks to introduce were part of a personal collection before being purchased
and possessed by the Parliament Museum. At the invitation of the head of Malek Museum, the
researcher and his friend, Ali Youseflou'i, found the opportunity to examine the seals and verify
their authenticity. The researcher, thus, seizes the opportunity to underline the fact repeatedly stated
in his earlier works, including Seal and Carving in Iran, Seals and Signets and Royal Seals that the
study of seals held in different collections requires quality photos and expert introductions since
their miniature size does not allow a detailed study with unaided eyes behind the museum
windows. Needless to say, any comment on their authenticity on the basis of their marks is prone to
be inaccurate and of doubtful validity as in some cases the documents are too dilapidated and the
marks too vague to establish the date. The original seal and larger-than-actual-size quality photos
are helpful in obviating this problem.