چکیده:
Objectives: Hearing impairment in children is considered as an important public health problem. Auditory function in these children is poor and depends on their hearing aids efficacy and also their ears’ status. Hearing aids are very expensive and ear disease deteriorates its performance. Therefore detecting the ear disease and offering proper treatment is necessary. The aim of this study is to highlight the prevalence of ear disease in children with SNHL to justify the efforts made to insure diagnosis and adequate treatment.Method: Eighty children with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss were selected in our study from deaf Welfare Clinic affiliated to Welfare Organization. Otological examination and tympanometry were performed for all these children.Results: The most pathologic finding was ear wax and observed in 37 children (48.7%). Ear discharge was seen in 7 (8.7%) children. Normal TM in 63 (81.8%), abnormal TM in 14 (18.2%) and perforated TM in 3 cases were detected.Conclusion: The most common disorder was wax which deteriorates hearing aids performance by clogged ear molds. Middle ear disease which aggravates the degree of hearing loss in one forth of children was observed. The high prevalence of external and middle ear disease highlights the need of regular otological examination in hearing impaired children.Objectives: Tourette syndrome is a disorder with motor and vocal tics, which has many psychiatric co- morbidities. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of co-morbid features of this syndrome. The aim of this research is studying Tourette and co morbidity ADHD in school age children. One of our purposes is to identify the range of ADHD in Iranian Tourette patients.Methods: Thirty children with Tourette syndrome attended in an adolescence psychiatry disorders clinic studied during one year using a descriptive, cross sectional method. Control group selected from students of Tehran schools matched to first group in age and sex. K-SADS questionnaire used to investigate the presence of ADHD in both groups. Results analyzed with SPSS.Results: A clear pattern of co-morbidity was demonstrated with ADHD. Seventy percent of Tourette group had ADHD; this co–morbidity in both sexes was different (20% of girls and 80% of boys).Conclusions: Although the frequency of ADHD co-morbidity with Tourette is high, but in our study was higher (50-60% versus 70%). Hence every Tourette patients must be studied for co–morbidity. Regarding to small size of studied people, similar studies must be performed with larger sample size.Objectives: Hypertonicity is a major problem in children with cerebral palsy that has not been explained effectively to address clinical decision making. Therefore, this article aims to provide a theoretical framework about hypertonicity for clinicians, rehabilitation and medical practitioners to be used in their practice.Methods: Literature was reviewed to examine the new perspectives towards the hypertonicity and its signs and symptoms. Then, these symptoms were scrutinized to identify various aspects of the phenomena.Results: The results of this review revealed various components of hypertonicity, including neural and biomechanical. Neural component was also classified into positive and negative symptoms. These components altogether influence gross and fine motor function and consequently disturb children in their daily activities.Conclusion: Using term "spasticity" is not definitively enough to explain various aspects of the affected persons. Therefore, the term "hypertonicity" appears to be much appropriate to be used by professions in their daily practices. Furthermore, to have a very effective intervention, practitioners should consider all various signs and symptoms of hypertonicity that are explained in this review.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal ۵٩59 Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, Vol. 9, December 2011 Original Article The Prevalence of Ear Disease in Sensorineural Hearing Impaired Children Below 18 Years-Old in Deaf Welfare Clinic of Molavi Rehabilitation Center Naeimeh Daneshmandan, MD; Samaneh Hosseinzadeh, MSc; Robab Teymouri*, PhD Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Objectives: Hearing impairment in children is considered as an important public health problem.
A study in the first year school children showed that the most common disorder was wax and in consequence was middle ear disease.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ear disease in hearing impaired children in order to enhance the role of regular otological examination in deaf rehabilitation centers.
Many studies investigated this problem and showed the high prevalence of ear disease in hearing impaired children.
62۶٢ Vol. 9 – Special Issue – Child Neurorehabilitation Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, Vol. 9, December 2011 Original Article Co-Morbidity of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Tourette Syndrome in Child Referral Psychiatry Clinic in IRAN Sahel Hemmati* MD; Nasrin Amiri, MD; Robab Teymouri, PhD; Masoud Garib, MSc; Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Objectives: Tourette syndrome is a disorder with motor and vocal tics, which has many psychiatric co- morbidities.
The aim of this research is studying Tourette and co morbidity ADHD in school age children.
Methods: Thirty children with Tourette syndrome attended in an adolescence psychiatry disorders clinic studied during one year using a descriptive, cross sectional method.