Abstract:
Motor skills are always considered as one of the effective factors on human activities. The
purpose of this research is to study the role of birth order and birth weight in the static and
dynamic balance of boys aged 9-11 years old. 94 male students have been evaluated in this
research. The personal information questionnaire and medical records were used to acquire
data pertaining to birth order and birth weight. Also, parts of Lincoln-Oseretsky test
pertaining to balance were used to evaluate static and dynamic balance. The results
indicated that second children and children with normal weight had higher average scores
rather than first children, only children, and children with low and high weight in most
items of static and dynamic balance (p < 0.01). The superiority of second children over
other children is probably because of the existence of older siblings which younger ones
follow as models in families.
مهارتهای حرکتی همواره به عنوان یکی از عوامل اثرگذار بر فعالیت های انسانی به شمار می روند. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی نقش ترتیب تولد ووزن هنگام تولد در تعادل ایستا و پویای پسران ٩ تا ١١ سال بوده است . ٩٤ دانش آموز پسر در این تحقیق مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. به منظور اکتساب اطلاعات مربوط به ترتیب تولد و وزن هنگام تولد از پرسشنامه اطلاعات شخصی و سوابق پزشکی استفاده شد، همچنین به منظور سنجش تعادل ایستا و پویا از بخش های مربوط به تعادل آزمون لینکلن اوزرتسکی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که فرزندان دوم و فرزندان با وزن نرمال در اکثر آیتم های تعادل ایستا و پویا دارای میانگین نمرات بالاتری نسبت به فرزندان اول، تک فرزندان، فرزندان با وزن کم و وزن زیاد بودند (٠٠١≥p). برتری فرزندان دوم نسبت به سایر فرزندان احتمالابه خاطر وجود خواهر یا برادر بزرگتر در خانواده میباشد که کودکان به عنوان الگو از آنها استفاده میکنند.
Machine summary:
"The acquired results on the dynamic balance of boys aged 9-11 indicated that second children have better average scores in the static balance test, while there was no significant difference among various birth orders in dynamic balance test in the group including extra weights.
Also, the average dynamic balance of children with normal weight was greater than low weight and extra weight children in the group including first-child and second- child subjects, a result which can be explained by the importance of birth weight for the development of motor and intellectual skills.
All in all and considering the acquired results, it can be inferred that second children performed better than only children and first children in every test of this research, although these results were inconsistent with sayings by Krombholz (2006) (6) and the existence of this sort of discrepancies in different researches may be due to different factors like diversity of statistical society and sample, age, gender of subjects, type of culture, social-economical level, and even tests used to evaluate these motor skills.
Children with normal weight make higher scores rather than other children with different weights in all tests, a result which was consistent with most of previous studies and reminds us that birth weight is one of the key factors of development in all aspects of intellectual and motor growth of the child such as balance, adaptability, and precision in the lifetime."