Abstract:
The aim of present study was to investigate whether food restriction combined with exercise training could attenuate
the oxidative stress and promote angiogenesis in a rat model of heart failure. 50 male wistar rats weighing 250-300 g
were randomly divided into 5 groups including: 1) sham; they were fed ad libitum food, n=10. 2) Heart failure
group; 3) Exercise group; they run on a treadmill 5 days per week for 4 weeks, n=10. 4) Food restricted group; they
were fed with 60% of their daily average food intake, n=10. 5) Food restricted plus exercise group; as well as feeding
with 60% of their daily average food intake for 8 weeks and run on a treadmill 5 days for the 4 next weeks, n=10.
Subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (130 mg/kg) was used to induce experimental heart failure.
Echocardiographic parameters were monitored. Plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and prooxidant/
antioxidant balance (PAB), as oxidative parameters were measured. In continue gene expression of angiogenic
factors such as hypoxia inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and endothelial
nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) as well as histopathological examination were investigated. Isoproterenol-treated hearts
showed lower functional indexes including LVEDd; Left Ventricular End Diastolic dimension (p<0.05), FS;
Fractional Shortening (p<0.001), EF; Ejection Fraction, (p<0.001). In addition, significant increase in plasma levels
of MDA (p<0.001) and PAB (p<0.001) were observed. Food restriction and exercise significantly improved all
measured parameters. The protective role of food restriction and exercise training on myocardial damage was further
confirmed by promoting the gene expression of angiogenic factors (p<0.001) in left ventricle and reducing the
myocardial fibrosis (p<0.05). Our results suggest that combined food restriction with exercise training is superior to
either therapy alone for improving functional indexes, strengthen balance of antioxidative defense system, as well as
gene expression of angiogenic factors and decreasing myocardial fibrosis.
Machine summary:
"ABSTRACT The aim of present study was to investigate whether food restriction combined with exercise training could attenuate the oxidative stress and promote angiogenesis in a rat model of heart failure.
Our results suggest that combined food restriction with exercise training is superior to either therapy alone for improving functional indexes, strengthen balance of antioxidative defense system, as well as gene expression of angiogenic factors and decreasing myocardial fibrosis.
Therefore, in our study, the noninvasive rat model of heart failure was used to assess the efficacy of food restriction, with or without exercise training, on protecting the heart against oxidative damage, the effects of angiogenic factors, and focused on the correlation between functional, biochemical, genetical and histopathological changes.
Therefore, the present results highlighted the ameliorating effects of the conjunction of food restriction and regular exercise upon isoproterenol-induced heart failure involving the modulation of oxidative stress mediators and up-regulation of the pro-angiogenic factors, HIF-1a, VEGFA and eNOS.
Therefore, our data are currently available regarding the cardioprotection effects of food restriction, combined with exercise training, on restoring the cardiac function in the event of heart failure, partly through the normalization of the levels of antioxidant enzymes.
Consistent with these results, not only did our data demonstrate that food restriction with exercise attenuated an oxidative state with decreasing MDA and PAB levels, together with gene expression of angiogenic factors, but it led to improved cardiac dysfunction and survival 30 days after CHF induction."