ارائه الگوی ارتقای کیفیت آموزش با استفاده ازفناوری‌های نوظهور در هوشمندسازی مدارس: پژوهشی کیفی مقالة

این تحقیق به روش کیفی و با شیوه نظریه داده بنیاد انجام شد. به همین منظور محقق با 26 نفر از متخصصان در سه حوزه هوشمندسازی، اینترنت اشیا و رایانش ابری که به شیوه هدفمند(گلوله برفی) انتخاب شدند، مصاحبه کرد. متن مصاحبه‌ها در نرم افزار MAXQDA10 ، بارگذاری و سپس کدگذاری باز با استفاده از نرم‌افزار انجام شد. بعد از استخراج کدها، مقوله‌های اصلی با استفاده از کدگذاری محوری استخراج شدند. سپس در ادامه، با کشف ارتباط بین مقوله‌های محوری، و بعد با انجام کدگذاری گزینشی و شناسایی مقوله مرکزی، الگوی مورد نظر بر اساس نظریه داده‌ به صورت پارادایم ارائه شده است. نتایج تحلیل داده‌ها در قالب الگو شامل شرایط زمینه‌ای، شرایط علی، شرایط مداخله‌ای، راهبردها  و پیامدها مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفت.

Introduction: The School Smartization Project has been implemented in Iran since 2011 in response to rapidly accelerating technological change in the world. School smartization is still at the beginning of its journey and seems not to be moving ahead with technology developments and needs to develop faster. The purpose of this study was to present a model for improving the quality of education in school smartization with IoT and cloud computing approach. Given the rapid movement of advanced societies to improve the quality of education through the development of ICTs in the country, planning has become essential in order to transform the education system in line with the information society. Therefore, educational experts believe that educational systems should implement a change plan to accommodate learners rather than unilaterally transferring information. Therefore, education in today's world has a different meaning to the past, one can never look at the students and their upbringing with their past attitudes and old biases. The evolution of science and technology has undeniably underscored the need to transform the educational process. Today's education systems must train forces that are capable of understanding the complex world, capable of inventing, managing, and acting logically. It seems that the implementation of school smarts with the approach of computing and internet access can remove administrative barriers and take positive steps towards better implementation of school smarts that ultimately leads to improved quality. Students will be educated in schools. The purpose of this study is to present a model for improving the quality of education in school smarts with cloud computing and IoT approach with the data base approach. Method: This study was conducted using a qualitative method with the basis of data theory. Initially, the literature was coded with content analysis, and in the second part of the research, experts were selected in a targeted manner in three areas of intelligent, IoT, and cloud computing. The transcripts of the interviews were opened after the implementation in the Microsoft Word file using MAXQDA10 coding software. In the second part, the open source code from the research and interview literature was merged and the main categories were extracted using axial coding. This research is a qualitative research with a data base method. The sample of this study consisted of 26 experts in school intelligence, IoT, and cloud computing who were selected by purposeful sampling until theoretical saturation. The first part of the research literature was studied and the content analysis was done by open coding. In the second stage, the interview was conducted with the interviewees and after the time and place of the interview, the interview was conducted. Results: The results of the data analysis model template are: contextual conditions with 3 main categories and 7 subcategories, causal conditions with one main category and 6 subcategories, intervention conditions with 4 main categories and 13 subcategories, strategies with 9 main categories and 28 subcategories and outcome with two main categories and 8 subcategories. The data were accepted by reviewers' handwriting and long-term researcher engagement with the participants. Also, the most diverse sampling (smarts, IoT and cloud computing) increased the validity of the data. The verification capability was verified by the researcher's impartiality, agreement on codes and themes, examination of transcripts of interviews, codes and classes extracted by two experts. Reliability of the data was ensured through expert opinions and re-reading of the entire data, and also the ability to transmit data through interviews with different stakeholders and provide direct citations provided a rich explanation of the data. Conclusion: The proposed model is based on data theory and also on the recognition of subcategories and discovering the relationship between subcategories and the formation of the main categories and identifying the central category, the model of improving the quality of education in school smartization with IoT and cloud computing approach is presented as a paradigm. The purpose of the present study is to present a model of education promotion in school smarts with IoT and cloud computing approach. For this purpose, experts were interviewed in the three areas of intelligence, IoT and cloud computing. Interviews were analyzed during open, axial, and selective coding steps, and finally a model was presented accordingly. This model was presented by identifying the factors influencing school smarts as well as identifying the factors affecting IoT and cloud computing in education, in the form of categories, and finally communicating between the categories. Much research has been done on school smarts. Smart schools are one of the major achievements in the development of information technology in education programs whose benefits and effects will not only have an impact on the educational environment but also a new development along with real-life experiences of students and their environment tomorrow. Khedmatgozar (2015) also found in his research that the use of IoT can help improve employee performance in two parts: data collection and entry and exit management, including six specific areas. In general, IoT can be a reliable basis for generating knowledge process data, particularly knowledge discovery in physical and digital environments, which is consistent with the results of the present study. In their research, smart surveillance systems such as CCTV are important in enhancing the social security of the city and enhancing the performance of governments in controlling non-surveillance environments. The results of these studies are consistent with the results of the present study. In recent years, cloud computing is becoming an important technology in the IT field. Experts in the field believe that cloud computing will transform processes in the field of information technology. The results of this study showed that the use of cloud computing can have a positive effect on improving the quality of school education in the process of smart. Cloud computing as another emerging technology can be helpful in education. The rapid development of cloud computing technology provides new ideas for continuous education and training. Sepehr, Bozorgi & Sedghi (2016) in their research showed that due to the shortcomings and weaknesses in electronic service delivery, cloud computing, taking advantage of various technological advantages, can provide better services and facilities for the libraries of medical university universities. Provide Tehran with the results of the present study.