Corpus Linguistics Tools for Loanwords and Borrowings Studies مقالة

The present article deals with studies and analyzes the lexical innovations of French origin in the Russian literary language on materials of fiction, opinion journalism, as well as etymological, defining, and foreign dictionaries under well-defined criteria of foreign word extraction. Various investigations dedicated to the study of language contacts offer variety of criteria describing the functioning of foreign vocabulary in the Russian lexical system as the result of interaction of various manifestation of language contacts. The article highlights the main principles and potentials of using methods of corpus analysis for studying language contacts from a historical perspective. This study analyzes the gallicisms of the military terminology that came to the Russian language at the end of the 18th and the 19th centuries and were recorded in numerous significant examples of Russian literature. Conducting the diachronic analysis of their functional development using the methods of corpus linguistics allows us to establish and demonstrate some common and particular processes of foreign language vocabulary: the development of the form and the content of foreign vocabulary, the periodization of their maximum and minimum distribution, and the correlation of language data with extralinguistic factors

Abdullina', Anastasia V Ageeva2, & Ekaterina V Artamonova3 Abstract The present article deals with studies and analyzes the lexical innovations of French origin in the Russian literary language on materials of fiction, opinion journalism, as well as etymological, defining, and foreign dictionaries under well-defined criteria of foreign word extraction. The present study is a continuation of this work, the purpose of which is to demonstrate the possibilities of using corpus linguistics methods in the study of linguistic contacts and borrowings for getting both a detailed description of the functioning of a single word in Russian literature and linguistic processes typical for a particular era of its development. 3. Results According to the fair remark of Shmelev ( 1973 ), the lexicon of the language directly reflects the extra-linguistic reality, so that the analysis of the vocabulary allows us to identify not only intra-language factors, determined by the relationship of lexical units, but also extra-linguistic factors that themselves, to some extent or 466 Corpus Linguistics Tools for Loanwords and Borrowings Studies I 35 another, determine the semantics and functioning of lexemes. After being borroed into the Russian language, the word neumenanm narrowed its set of meanings: this rank existed only in the navy and was equated to an army captain, which accounts for the relatively low, albeit sufficiently stable, frequency of occurrences of the unit in the literature corpus: 468 Corpus Linguistics Tools for Loanwords and Borrowings Studies I 37 Figure 2.