خلاصة:
This study takes a critical discourse analysis approach to investigate the linguistic representation of male and female social actors and construction of gender identities in the Interchange Third Edition. The analytical models used are van Leeuwen's (1996) framework and Halliday's transitivity model (Halliday & Matthiessen، 2004). The findings of this study indicated a differential representation of social actors in that females were portrayed as more prominent، successful، active، independent، expressive and assertive in comparison with maks. Generally، it seems that attempts have been made to bring women from margin to the foreground. Moreover، females are associated with high status activities. This challenges traditional values that exclude and demean the value of women in society implying that women are as crucial as men to the community's function.
ملخص الجهاز:
com Abstract This study takes a critical discourse analysis approach to investigate the linguistic representation of male and female social actors and construction of gender identities in theThe analytical models used are van Leeuwen's (1996) framework and Halliday's transitivity model (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004).
The findings of this study indicated a differential representation of social actors in that females were portrayed as more prominent, successful, active, independent, expressive and assertive in comparison with males.
Furthermore, in order to analyze the type of activity male and female social actors are represented with, it is very much necessary to draw on Halliday & Matthiessen’s work on the transitivity system.
As one type of discourse (here an ESL textbook) does not include all the categories and modes of representation, for practical purposes, the following elements of van Leeuwen's framework (1996) are considered to function as the criterion for the analysis: Inclusion, Exclusion, Activation, Subjection, Beneficialization, Participation, Possessivation, Circumstantialization, Functionalization, Classification, Relational Identification, Formalization, Semiformalization, Informalization, Indetermination, Abstraction, Objectivation, Genericization, Individualization, Collectivization.
In a text in Book 2 page 69 a female social actor is included as "a good example of making the right decision considering one's own personality".
4. 4 Substitution There are different discursive features through which social actors are represented as shown below: Table 5: χ2 results for Substitution Personalization/ Impersonalization Female (Total=263) Male (Total=186) χ2 Asymp.
As Table 5 indicates in the text male and female social actors are almost always personalized.