خلاصة:
هدف اصلی این پژوهش ارزیابی عوامل مؤثر در ضمانتنامههای اعتباری بر توسعه بازارصادراتی در شرکتهای بازرگانی و صادرات میباشد. روش مورد استفاده در این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت توصیفی، پیمایشی و همبستگی میباشد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق که با استفاده از فرمول Q تعداد نمونه 311 نفر به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی در نظر گرفته شد. برای تعیین پایایی پرسشنامه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برابر 0/84 محاسبه گردید که حاکی از پایایی در سطح عالی میباشد. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از آزمونهای تکنیک معادلات ساختاری و برای رتبهبندی عوامل یاد شده از AHP، از دسته تکنیکهای تصمیمگیری گروه (MCDM) استفاده شده است و سایر آزمونهای مربوطه که به طور مفصل در این پژوهش شرح داده شده است، تجزیه و تحلیل گردید تا هر یک از مؤلفههای تأثیرگذار و زیر مؤلفهها مشخص گردد. نتایج به دست آمده حاکی از آن است که این پژوهش شامل 6 مؤلفه اصلی افزایش ظرفیتهای تولیدی (با 7 گویه)، کاهش قیمت تمام شده کالاها و خدمات (با 3 گویه)، ایجاد درآمدهای ارزی (با 3 گویه)، اصلاح وضعیت رقابتی کالاها و خدمات صادراتی و صادرکنندگان (با 5گویه)، تسهیل روند رشد و توسعه اقتصادی (با 3 گویه)، فراهم نمودن شرایط مساعد از طریق ضمانتنامههای خود برای خریداران خارجی (با 3 گویه)، و در مجموع 24 زیر معیار بود. با به کارگیری تکنیک تصمیمگیری گروهی و طراحی پرسشنامه مخصوص به آن، عوامل مؤثر ضمانتنامههای اعتباری بر توسعه بازار صادراتی رتبهبندی و اولویتبندی شدند که در نهایت، از میان 24زیر معیار موجود "فراهم نمودن شرایط مساعد از طریق ضمانتنامههای خود برای خریداران خارجی" بر اساس تکنیک MCDM و "کاهش قیمت تمام شده کالاها و خدمات" براساس معادلات ساختاری بالاترین رتبه را به خود اختصاص دادند.
The objective of this research is to evaluate the factors affecting credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market. The method used in this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, survey and correlation nature. The statistical population of this research was Q (311), using random sampling method. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.84, which indicates a high level of reliability. To data analysis, structural equation technique tests and for grouping of the mentioned factors from AHP, group decision making techniques (MCDM) have been used and other relevant tests, which are described in detail in this study, were analyzed to identify each of the components and sub-components To make .The results indicate that this research consists of 6 main components of Increase production capacity (with 7 Factors), Reduce the cost of goods and services (with 3 Factors), Creating foreign exchange earnings (with 3 Factors), Improving the competitiveness of export goods and services and exporters (with 5 Factors), Facilitate the process of economic growth and development (with 3 Factors), Provide favorable conditions through its guarantees for foreign buyers (with 3 Factors), And a total of 24 sub-criteria. By using structural equation and MCDM techniques and designing a specific questionnaire, effective factors of credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market were ranked and prioritized. Finally, among the 24 existing subsets of “Provide favorable conditions through its guarantees for foreign buyers” Based on the MCDM technique and “Reduce the cost of goods and services” Based on structural equations ranked highest. The objective of this research is to evaluate the factors affecting credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market. The method used in this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, survey and correlation nature. The statistical population of this research was Q (311), using random sampling method. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.84, which indicates a high level of reliability. To data analysis, structural equation technique tests and for grouping of the mentioned factors from AHP, group decision making techniques (MCDM) have been used and other relevant tests, which are described in detail in this study, were analyzed to identify each of the components and sub-components To make .The results indicate that this research consists of 6 main components of Increase production capacity (with 7 Factors), Reduce the cost of goods and services (with 3 Factors), Creating foreign exchange earnings (with 3 Factors), Improving the competitiveness of export goods and services and exporters (with 5 Factors), Facilitate the process of economic growth and development (with 3 Factors), Provide favorable conditions through its guarantees for foreign buyers (with 3 Factors), And a total of 24 sub-criteria. By using structural equation and MCDM techniques and designing a specific questionnaire, effective factors of credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market were ranked and prioritized. Finally, among the 24 existing subsets of “Provide favorable conditions through its guarantees for foreign buyers” Based on the MCDM technique and “ Reduce the cost of goods and services” Based on structural equations ranked highest .