خلاصة:
In this research, different English translations of Sa‘di’s Bustan were studied. An anecdote was selected randomly with its three English translations to identify whether or not the translators have managed to convey the messages of the original poem. The three selected translations were examined according to two of the criteria that Larson (1984) has proposed (accuracy and naturalness) for testing a translation. By accuracy, the researcher intended to see whether, the translators have been successful in rendering the SL text accurately and precisely without radical changes, omission and addition; and by naturalness, it was meant whether the translations sound natural or they contain strange and foreign words. The results of the study show that Edwards has been successful in understanding the main idea of the original poem and conveying it into prose. Clarke’s translation is word-for-word and being literal, the natural criterion has been breached in some instances. Wickens’s has attempted to transfer the exact meaning of the original to the target text. Among the three translations studied, that of Wickens is considered to be the most accurate one.
ملخص الجهاز:
"By accuracy, the researcher intended to see whether, the translators have been successful in rendering the SL text accurately and precisely without radical changes, omission and addition; and by naturalness, it was meant whether the translations sound natural or they contain strange and foreign words.
Literary translators have to deal with the hierarchies in the definitions of poetry, drama, and prose which constitute is changed into the target language; but in poetry the structure or form contributes to the construction of the meaning, so it cannot be translated.
(pp 165-66) Lefevere (cited in Bassnett, 2002) describes seven different strategies for translating poetry: (1) Phonemic translation: In this method, the SL sound is reproduced in the TL as well as producing an appropriate paraphrase of the sense.
(4) Poetry into prose: Lefevere declares that this method makes distortion of the sense, communicative value and syntax of the SL text, but not as much as literal or metrical types of translation.
In one week he despoiled its cash-value, Giving to the poor, the wretched, and the needy Then the chiders fell upon him, Saying: ‘it’s like you will not get again!’ I’ve heard he said, a rain of tears Coursing down his cheeks like wax: ‘Adornment ill becomes a prince When impotence troubles the heart of the citizen; A ring without a stone becomes me well, But there’s nothing becoming in a grieving people’s heart!’ Happy the one who chooses men and women’s comfort Before his own adorning: The virtue-cherishers have not desired Their own joy at the cost of other’s sorrow!"